Voiding
Issues
Irregular
voiding can range from inability to void, voiding too often,
and urinary incontinence (leakage of urine). The determination
of the underlying cause is critical as it shapes the treatment
plan. Treatments typically begin with fluid management,
night time fluid reduction, and decreasing the use of caffeine
and alcohol. Medications are usually added if symptoms are
still present. More invasive options are reserved once other
non-invasive treatments have been exhausted.
Urinating
too often (Over Active Bladder)
OAB is not a normal part of getting older but a treatable
medical condition. OAB happens when the bladder muscle starts
squeezing to push urine out before youre ready to
go even if your bladder isnt full. Normally,
you can control the muscles that keep urine in the bladder
so you go only when you want to. But sometimes you may leak
urine when you don't want to. This condition is called urinary
incontinence.
Urinary
Incontinence (leakage of urine)
Leakage
of urine is never considered normal after infancy. Different
types of urinary incontinence include urge incontinence,
stress incontinence (which occurs with laughing and/or coughing),
overflow incontinence (which can occur with retention of
urine), and functional incontinence (when unable to access
the bathroom in time). Treatment options depend on the underlying
condition, but can range from fluid management, medications,
pelvic floor exercises (Kegel), neurostimulation (such as
Urgent PC and Interstim), and Botox bladder injections.
Please click on the following useful links to learn more
about this condition.
Urgent PC - http://www.uroplasty.com/patients/urgentpc
Interstim -
http://www.medtronic.com/patients/overactive-bladder/about-therapy/
Botox - http://www.botoxforincontinence.com/
Urinary
Retention
Urinary retention is the inability to empty the bladder.
With chronic urinary retention, you may be able to urinate,
but you have trouble starting a stream or emptying your
bladder completely. You may urinate frequently; you may
feel an urgent need to urinate but have little success when
you get to the toilet; or you may feel you still have to
go after you've finished urinating. With acute urinary retention,
you can't urinate at all, even though you have a full bladder.
Acute urinary retention is a medical emergency requiring
prompt action. Chronic urinary retention may not seem life
threatening, but it can lead to serious problems and should
also receive attention from a health professional. Anyone
can experience urinary retention, but it is most common
in men in their fifties and sixties because of prostate
enlargement. A woman may experience urinary retention if
her bladder sags or moves out of the normal position, a
condition called cystocele. The bladder can also sag or
be pulled out of position by a sagging of the lower part
of the colon, a condition called rectocele. Some people
have urinary retention from rectoceles. People of all ages
and both sexes can have nerve disease or nerve damage that
interferes with bladder function.
Prostate
Enlargement
The prostate is a male reproductive gland that produces
the fluid that carries sperm during ejaculation. It surrounds
the urethra, the tube through which urine passes out of
the body. An enlarged prostate means the gland has grown
bigger. Prostate enlargement happens to almost all men as
they get older. As the gland grows, it can press on the
urethra and cause urination and bladder problems. An enlarged
prostate is often called benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH)
or benign prostatic hypertrophy. It is not cancer, and it
does not raise your risk for prostate cancer.
Erectile
Dysfunction
Erectile dysfunction, or ED, is the inability to achieve
or sustain an erection suitable for sexual intercourse.
Causes include medications, chronic illnesses such as high
Blood Pressure and Diabetes, poor blood flow to the penis,
drinking too much alcohol and smoking.
Blood
in Urine
Seeing blood in your urine can cause more than a little
anxiety. Yet blood in urine known medically as hematuria
isn't always a matter for concern. This can be due
to a number of common drugs, including blood thinners. But
urinary bleeding can also indicate a serious disorder.There
are two types of blood in urine. Blood that you can see
is called gross hematuria. Urinary blood that's visible
only under a microscope is known as microscopic hematuria
and is found when your doctor tests your urine. Either way,
it's important to determine the reason for the bleeding.Treatment
depends on the underlying cause. Blood in urine caused by
exercise usually goes away on its own within one or two
days, but other problems often require medical care.
Kidney
Stones
A kidney stone is a solid piece of material that forms in
a kidney when substances that are normally found in the
urine become highly concentrated. A stone may stay in the
kidney or travel down the urinary tract. Kidney stones vary
in size. A small stone may pass on its own, causing little
or no pain. A larger stone may get stuck along the urinary
tract and can block the flow of urine, causing severe pain
or bleeding. Kidney stones are one of the most common disorders
of the urinary tract.
Kidney
Cancer
Kidney
cancer includes various forms, including clear cell, papillary,
sarcomatoid, transitional cell, and others. Some patients
are diagnosed before the cancer has metastasized (spread)
to other parts of the body, while others have metastatic
disease when their cancer is initially diagnosed. Surgery
may be the first course of treatment, or systemic treatment
that is, a treatment that is injected into the bloodstream
or swallowed may be recommended prior to surgery
(though this tends to be rare).
http://www.kidneycancer.org/
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/kidney
Prostate
Cancer
Prostate cancer is the
most common cancer among men (after skin cancer), but it
can often be treated successfully. Several types of cells
are found in the prostate, but almost all prostate cancers
develop from the gland cells. Gland cells make the prostate
fluid that is added to the semen. The medical term for a
cancer that starts in gland cells is adenocarcinoma.
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/prostate
Bladder
Cancer
Definition of bladder cancer: Cancer that forms in tissues
of the bladder (the organ that stores urine). Most bladder
cancers are transitional cell carcinomas (cancer that begins
in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the bladder).
Other types include squamous cell carcinoma (cancer that
begins in thin, flat cells) and adenocarcinoma (cancer that
begins in cells that make and release mucus and other fluids).
The cells that form squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
develop in the inner lining of the bladder as a result of
chronic irritation and inflammation.
http://www.cancer.gov/cancertopics/types/bladder
Scrotal
Issues
The
scrotum usually consists of a very flexible and wrinkly
skin sack which accommodates the testicles. Its shape
and size is usually adjusted to the size of the testicles
in a way that it looks filled out. Some conditions
such as undescended testicles (testicles remain in the groin
area and need to be surgically moved down into the scrotum
or removed in order to eliminate risk of cancer), testicular
atrophy (testicles were originally normal in
size, but have shrunk over time due to several conditions
such as hormonal imbalance or testosterone abuse), removal
of one or both testicles due to cancer, and originally smaller
size of the testicles compared to the scrotal sack may require
a surgical correction of the scrotal aesthetics. Fluid in
the scrotum, called hydrowells, can be drained or surgically
corrected.
Male
Infertility
Male
infertility refers to the inability of a male to achieve
a pregnancy in a fertile female. In humans it accounts for
40-50% of infertility. Male infertility is commonly due
to deficiencies in the semen, and semen quality is used
as a surrogate measure of male fecundity.
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